Stardust Interstellar Preliminary Examination XI: Identification and elemental analysis of impact craters on Al foils from the Stardust Interstellar Dust Collector
Rhonda M. Stroud
(1)
,
Carlton Allen
(2)
,
Asna Ansari
(3)
,
David Anderson
(4)
,
Saša Bajt
(5)
,
Nabil Bassim
(1)
,
Ron S. Bastien
(2)
,
Hans A. Bechtel
(6)
,
Janet Borg
(7)
,
Frank E. Brenker
(8)
,
John Bridges
(9)
,
Donald E. Brownlee
(10)
,
Mark Burchell
(11)
,
Manfred Burghammer
(12)
,
Anna L. Butterworth
(4)
,
Hitesh Changela
(1, 13)
,
Peter Cloetens
(13)
,
Andrew M. Davis
(14)
,
Ryan Doll
(15)
,
Christine Floss
(15)
,
George Flynn
(16)
,
David R. Frank
(2)
,
Zack Gainsforth
(4)
,
Eberhard Grün
(17)
,
Philipp R. Heck
(3)
,
Jon K. Hillier
(18)
,
Peter Hoppe
(19)
,
Joachim Huth
(19)
,
Brit Hvide
(3)
,
Anton Kearsley
(20)
,
Ashley J. King
(14)
,
Paul Kotula
(21)
,
Barry Lai
(22)
,
Jan Leitner
(19)
,
Laurence Lemelle
(23)
,
Hugues Leroux
(24)
,
Ariel Leonard
(15)
,
Robert Lettieri
(4)
,
William Marchant
(3)
,
Larry R. Nittler
(25)
,
Ryan Ogliore
(26)
,
Wei Jia Ong
(15)
,
Frank Postberg
(18)
,
Mark C. Price
(11)
,
Scott A. Sandford
(27)
,
Juan-Angel Sans Tresseras
(12)
,
Sylvia Schmitz
(8)
,
Tom Schoonjans
(28)
,
Kate Schreiber
(15)
,
Geert Silversmit
(28)
,
Alexandre S. Simionovici
(29)
,
Vicente A. Solé
(12)
,
Ralf Srama
(17, 30)
,
Thomas Stephan
(14)
,
Veerle J. Sterken
(31)
,
Julien Stodolna
(4)
,
Steven Sutton
(22)
,
Mario Trieloff
(18)
,
Peter Tsou
(32)
,
Akira Tsuchiyama
(33)
,
Tolek Tyliszczak
(7)
,
Bart Vekemans
(28)
,
Laszlo Vincze
(27)
,
Andrew J. Westphal
(4)
,
Joshua Von Korff
(4)
,
Daniel Zevin
(4)
,
Michael E. Zolensky
(2)
1
NRL -
Naval Research Laboratory
2 JSC - NASA Johnson Space Center
3 Field Museum of Natural History [Chicago, USA]
4 UC Berkeley - University of California [Berkeley]
5 DESY - Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron [Hamburg]
6 Goethe University Frankfurt
7 LBNL - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory [Berkeley]
8 Goethe-Universität Frankfurt am Main
9 University of Leicester
10 University of Mary Washington
11 University of Kent [Canterbury]
12 ESRF - European Synchrotron Radiation Facility
13 GW - The George Washington University
14 UIC - University of Illinois [Chicago]
15 WUSTL - Washington University in Saint Louis
16 SUNY Plattsburgh - State University of New York at Plattsburgh
17 MPIK - Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik
18 University of Heidelberg, Medical Faculty
19 MPIC - Max-Planck-Institut für Chemie
20 NHM - The Natural History Museum [London]
21 Sandia National Laboratory
22 ANL - Argonne National Laboratory [Lemont]
23 LGL-TPE - Laboratoire de Géologie de Lyon - Terre, Planètes, Environnement
24 UMET - Unité Matériaux et Transformations - UMR 8207
25 Carnegie Institution for Science
26 UHM - University of Hawai‘i [Mānoa]
27 ARC - NASA Ames Research Center
28 UGENT - Universiteit Gent = Ghent University
29 OSUG - Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble
30 Institut für Biochemie, Biotechnologie und Bioinformatik [TU, Braunschweig]
31 University of Stuttgart
32 JPL - Jet Propulsion Laboratory
33 Osaka University [Osaka]
2 JSC - NASA Johnson Space Center
3 Field Museum of Natural History [Chicago, USA]
4 UC Berkeley - University of California [Berkeley]
5 DESY - Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron [Hamburg]
6 Goethe University Frankfurt
7 LBNL - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory [Berkeley]
8 Goethe-Universität Frankfurt am Main
9 University of Leicester
10 University of Mary Washington
11 University of Kent [Canterbury]
12 ESRF - European Synchrotron Radiation Facility
13 GW - The George Washington University
14 UIC - University of Illinois [Chicago]
15 WUSTL - Washington University in Saint Louis
16 SUNY Plattsburgh - State University of New York at Plattsburgh
17 MPIK - Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik
18 University of Heidelberg, Medical Faculty
19 MPIC - Max-Planck-Institut für Chemie
20 NHM - The Natural History Museum [London]
21 Sandia National Laboratory
22 ANL - Argonne National Laboratory [Lemont]
23 LGL-TPE - Laboratoire de Géologie de Lyon - Terre, Planètes, Environnement
24 UMET - Unité Matériaux et Transformations - UMR 8207
25 Carnegie Institution for Science
26 UHM - University of Hawai‘i [Mānoa]
27 ARC - NASA Ames Research Center
28 UGENT - Universiteit Gent = Ghent University
29 OSUG - Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble
30 Institut für Biochemie, Biotechnologie und Bioinformatik [TU, Braunschweig]
31 University of Stuttgart
32 JPL - Jet Propulsion Laboratory
33 Osaka University [Osaka]
David Anderson
- Fonction : Auteur
- PersonId : 772210
- ORCID : 0000-0001-6175-3872
Laurence Lemelle
- Fonction : Auteur
- PersonId : 741597
- IdHAL : laurence-lemelle
- ORCID : 0000-0002-7082-5564
- IdRef : 191491675
Résumé
The Stardust Interstellar Preliminary Examination team analyzed thirteen Al foils from the NASA Stardust interstellar collector tray in order to locate candidate interstellar dust (ISD) grain impacts. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) images reveal that the foils possess abundant impact crater and crater-like features. Elemental analyses of the crater features, with Auger electron spectroscopy, SEM-based energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) spectroscopy, and scanning transmission electron microscope-based EDX spectroscopy, demonstrate that the majority are either the result of impacting debris fragments from the spacecraft solar panels, or intrinsic defects in the foil. The elemental analyses also reveal that four craters contain residues of a definite extraterrestrial origin, either as interplanetary dust particles or ISD particles. These four craters are designated level 2 interstellar candidates, based on the crater shapes indicative of hypervelocity impacts and the residue compositions inconsistent with spacecraft debris.