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Journal Articles Meteoritics and Planetary Science Year : 2014

Stardust Interstellar Preliminary Examination I: Identification of tracks in aerogel

Andrew J. Westphal , David Anderson , Anna L. Butterworth , David R. Frank , Robert Lettieri , William Marchant , Joshua Von Korff , Daniel Zevin , Augusto Ardizzone , Antonella Campanile , Michael Capraro , Kevin Courtney , Mitchell N. Criswell , Dixon Crumpler , Robert Cwik , Fred Jacob Gray , Bruce Hudson , Guy Imada , Joel Karr , Lily Lau Wan Wah , Michele Mazzucato , Pier Giorgio Motta , Carlo Rigamonti , Ronald C. Spencer , Stephens B. Woodrough , Irene Cimmino Santoni , Gerry Sperry , Jean-Noel Terry , Naomi Wordsworth , Tom Yahnke , Carlton Allen , Asna Ansari , Saša Bajt , Ron K. Bastien , Nabil Bassim , Hans A. Bechtel , Janet Borg , Frank E. Brenker , John Bridges , Donald E. Brownlee , Mark Burchell , Manfred Burghammer , Hitesh Changela , Peter Cloetens , Andrew M. Davis , Ryan Doll , Christine Floss , George Flynn , Zack Gainsforth , Eberhard Grün , Philipp R. Heck , Jon K. Hillier , Peter Hoppe , Joachim Huth , Brit Hvide , Anton Kearsley , Ashley J. King , Barry Lai , Jan Leitner , Laurence Lemelle (1) , Hugues Leroux , Ariel Leonard , Larry R. Nittler , Ryan Ogliore , Wei Ja Ong , Frank Postberg , Mark C. Price , Scott A. Sandford , Juan-Angel Sans Tresseras , Sylvia Schmitz , Tom Schoonjans , Geert Silversmit , Alexandre S. Simionovici , Vicente A. Solé , Ralf Srama , Thomas Stephan , Veerle J. Sterken , Julien Stodolna , Rhonda M. Stroud , Steven Sutton , Mario Trieloff , Peter Tsou , Akira Tsuchiyama , Tolek Tyliszczak , Bart Vekemans , Laszlo Vincze , Michael E. Zolensky
Andrew J. Westphal
  • Function : Author
David Anderson
Anna L. Butterworth
  • Function : Author
David R. Frank
  • Function : Author
Robert Lettieri
  • Function : Author
William Marchant
  • Function : Author
Joshua Von Korff
  • Function : Author
Daniel Zevin
  • Function : Author
Augusto Ardizzone
  • Function : Author
Antonella Campanile
  • Function : Author
Michael Capraro
  • Function : Author
Kevin Courtney
  • Function : Author
Mitchell N. Criswell
  • Function : Author
Dixon Crumpler
  • Function : Author
Robert Cwik
  • Function : Author
Fred Jacob Gray
  • Function : Author
Bruce Hudson
  • Function : Author
Guy Imada
  • Function : Author
Joel Karr
  • Function : Author
Lily Lau Wan Wah
  • Function : Author
Michele Mazzucato
  • Function : Author
Pier Giorgio Motta
  • Function : Author
Carlo Rigamonti
  • Function : Author
Ronald C. Spencer
  • Function : Author
Stephens B. Woodrough
  • Function : Author
Irene Cimmino Santoni
  • Function : Author
Gerry Sperry
  • Function : Author
Jean-Noel Terry
  • Function : Author
Naomi Wordsworth
  • Function : Author
Tom Yahnke
  • Function : Author
Carlton Allen
  • Function : Author
Asna Ansari
  • Function : Author
Saša Bajt
  • Function : Author
Ron K. Bastien
  • Function : Author
Nabil Bassim
  • Function : Author
Hans A. Bechtel
  • Function : Author
Janet Borg
  • Function : Author
Frank E. Brenker
  • Function : Author
John Bridges
  • Function : Author
Donald E. Brownlee
  • Function : Author
Mark Burchell
  • Function : Author
Manfred Burghammer
  • Function : Author
Hitesh Changela
  • Function : Author
Peter Cloetens
  • Function : Author
Andrew M. Davis
  • Function : Author
Ryan Doll
  • Function : Author
Christine Floss
  • Function : Author
George Flynn
  • Function : Author
Zack Gainsforth
  • Function : Author
Eberhard Grün
  • Function : Author
Philipp R. Heck
  • Function : Author
Jon K. Hillier
  • Function : Author
Peter Hoppe
  • Function : Author
Joachim Huth
  • Function : Author
Brit Hvide
  • Function : Author
Anton Kearsley
  • Function : Author
Ashley J. King
  • Function : Author
Barry Lai
  • Function : Author
Jan Leitner
  • Function : Author
Hugues Leroux
  • Function : Author
Ariel Leonard
  • Function : Author
Larry R. Nittler
  • Function : Author
Ryan Ogliore
  • Function : Author
Wei Ja Ong
  • Function : Author
Frank Postberg
  • Function : Author
Mark C. Price
  • Function : Author
Scott A. Sandford
  • Function : Author
Juan-Angel Sans Tresseras
  • Function : Author
Sylvia Schmitz
  • Function : Author
Tom Schoonjans
  • Function : Author
Geert Silversmit
  • Function : Author
Alexandre S. Simionovici
  • Function : Author
Vicente A. Solé
  • Function : Author
Ralf Srama
  • Function : Author
Thomas Stephan
  • Function : Author
Veerle J. Sterken
  • Function : Author
Julien Stodolna
  • Function : Author
Rhonda M. Stroud
  • Function : Author
Steven Sutton
  • Function : Author
Mario Trieloff
  • Function : Author
Peter Tsou
  • Function : Author
Akira Tsuchiyama
  • Function : Author
Tolek Tyliszczak
  • Function : Author
Bart Vekemans
  • Function : Author
Laszlo Vincze
  • Function : Author
Michael E. Zolensky
  • Function : Author

Abstract

Here, we report the identification of 69 tracks in approximately 250 cm2 of aerogel collectors of the Stardust Interstellar Dust Collector. We identified these tracks through Stardust@home, a distributed internet-based virtual microscope and search engine, in which 30,000 amateur scientists collectively performed 9 \texttimes 107 searches on approximately 106 fields of view. Using calibration images, we measured individual detection efficiency, and found that the individual detection efficiency for tracks 2.5 μm in diameter was 0.6, and was 0.75 for tracks 3 μm in diameter. Because most fields of view were searched 30 times, these results could be combined to yield a theoretical detection efficiency near unity. The initial expectation was that interstellar dust would be captured at very high speed. The actual tracks discovered in the Stardust collector, however, were due to low-speed impacts, and were morphologically strongly distinct from the calibration images. As a result, the detection efficiency of these tracks was lower than detection efficiency of calibrations presented in training, testing, and ongoing calibration. Nevertheless, as calibration images based on low-speed impacts were added later in the project, detection efficiencies for low-speed tracks rose dramatically. We conclude that a massively distributed, calibrated search, with amateur collaborators, is an effective approach to the challenging problem of identification of tracks of hypervelocity projectiles captured in aerogel.

Dates and versions

hal-02351161 , version 1 (06-11-2019)

Identifiers

Cite

Andrew J. Westphal, David Anderson, Anna L. Butterworth, David R. Frank, Robert Lettieri, et al.. Stardust Interstellar Preliminary Examination I: Identification of tracks in aerogel. Meteoritics and Planetary Science, 2014, 49 (9), pp.1509--1521. ⟨10.1111/maps.12168⟩. ⟨hal-02351161⟩
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